Background: Immunization remains a key part of child health in Nigeria, but coverage gaps persist in the Northern regions, leading to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases such as measles, meningitis, and diphtheria. Aim: This study aims to identify and compare predictors of immunization status among children under five in rural and urban communities of Sokoto State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Sokoto State, Nigeria, among 260 mother-child pairs (130 in urban and 130 in rural areas). The participants were selected by a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and a checklist. Data were processed using IBM^® SPSS version 25 and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Only 31.5% and 20.0% of the children in urban and rural areas, respectively, were fully immunized (p=0.001). Formal education of the mothers (aOR= 3.54; 95%CI= 1.01– 10.25), social class (aOR= 3.98; 95%CI= 0.11 – 0.59), maternal TT vaccination (aOR= 0.099; 95%CI= 0.04 – 0.24), and postnatal care (aOR= 3.66; 95%CI= 1.25 – 10.67)   predicted immunization status in the urban group. In the rural group, formal education of the mothers (aOR= 8.62; 95% CI= 1.76 – 16.31) and occupation of the father (aOR= 0.15; 95%CI= 0.33 – 0.66) were the predictors of the immunization status of the children. Conclusion: Full immunization coverage was suboptimal in both rural and urban communities, though higher in urban areas. Maternal education and immunization card retention were consistent predictors, while socioeconomic status and maternal health service utilization were particularly influential in urban settings. Strengthening female education, maternal health service engagement, record retention, and targeted rural strategies is essential to improve coverage and reduce disparities.