International Archives of Multidisciplinary Study (IAMS), Website: https://cintarch.com/iams-home/
September to October 2019 Vol 1(1): pp.1-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33515/iams/2019.023/19
Copyright © 2019 C-International Archives
Original Article
Infection rates and parity of mosquitoes in a Peri-Urban Area of Plateau State, North Central Nigeria
Hasley L. Njila1*, Ishaku Y. Bilham1, Akwashiki Ombugadu2
1Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Nigeria
2Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Federal University of Lafia, P.M.B. 146, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
*Corresponding Author’s Email: njilahl@gmail.com
Published November 23, 2019
ABSTRACT
Nigeria has a high burden of vector borne diseases such as malaria and lymphatic filariasis (LF). Thus, a study was carried out to examine the salivary glands of parous mosquitoes for sporozoites and third stage larvae (L3) in order to determine if the mosquito species are infected with malaria or filarial parasite or not. Adult mosquitoes were collected by pyrethrum spray catch (PSC), and were identified and graded according to their abdominal conditions. The ovaries of the mosquitoes were dissected to determine the parity status, while the salivary glands of the parous mosquitoes were dissected to check for third stage larvae of Wuchereria bancrofti and the sporozoite of Plasmodium. A total of 222 mosquitoes were collected, out of which 58 (26.1%) were Anopheles gambiae, while 164 (73.9%) were Culex quinquefasciatus. Ovarian dissections showed 23 (57.5%) parous and 17 (42.5%) nulliparous mosquitoes. There was a significant difference in the infection rates of the vectors, 22 (38.6%) female An. gambiae were infected with sporozoites, while 45 (28.7%) female Cx. quinquefasciatus were infected with L3 of W. bancrofti. The high proportion of mosquitoes infected with sporozoites was attributed to the season of collection and lack of adequate sanitary conditions in the area. Thus, health education could help in sensitizing the inhabitants of the area.